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The Road To Space Exploration

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Russia celebrates Cosmonautics Day every April 12. On April 12, 1961, the Vostok-1 spacecraft with Yury Gagarin onboard lifted off from the Baikonur Space Center. However, this event was preceded by a massive research effort.

Russia celebrates Cosmonautics Day every April 12. On April 12, 1961, the Vostok-1 spacecraft with Yury Gagarin onboard lifted off from the Baikonur Space Center. However, this event was preceded by a massive research effort.

© RIA Novosti / Go to the mediabankRussia celebrates Cosmonautics Day every April 12. On April 12, 1961, the Vostok-1 spacecraft with Yury Gagarin onboard lifted off from the Baikonur Space Center. However, this event was preceded by a massive research effort. On October 4, 1957, the Sputnik 8K71PS launch vehicle lifted off from the Baikonur Space Center, putting into orbit the first artificial satellite in history. The satellite remained in orbit till January 4, 1958 and revolved around the Earth 1,440 times.
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Russia celebrates Cosmonautics Day every April 12. On April 12, 1961, the Vostok-1 spacecraft with Yury Gagarin onboard lifted off from the Baikonur Space Center. However, this event was preceded by a massive research effort. On October 4, 1957, the Sputnik 8K71PS launch vehicle lifted off from the Baikonur Space Center, putting into orbit the first artificial satellite in history. The satellite remained in orbit till January 4, 1958 and revolved around the Earth 1,440 times.
© RIA Novosti . Alexander Mokletsov / Go to the mediabankOn November 3, 1957, the first artificial satellite with the dog Laika onboard was launched. Like many other animals, the dog perished during the flight. Although expected to survive for about a week, she died from stress and overheating five to seven hours after launch.
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On November 3, 1957, the first artificial satellite with the dog Laika onboard was launched. Like many other animals, the dog perished during the flight. Although expected to survive for about a week, she died from stress and overheating five to seven hours after launch.
© RIA Novosti / Go to the mediabankOn August 19, 1960, another spacecraft carrying the dogs Belka (Squirrel) and Strelka (Little Arrow) successfully lifted off. On August 20, 1960, the spacecraft’s descent module, containing both animals, landed safely in the designated area. Both dogs orbited the Earth for more than 25 hours. The satellite revolved around the planet 17 times. The dogs became an overnight sensation. Photo: Doctors remove dogs Belka and Strelka from nose section of geophysical rocket after landing.
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On August 19, 1960, another spacecraft carrying the dogs Belka (Squirrel) and Strelka (Little Arrow) successfully lifted off. On August 20, 1960, the spacecraft’s descent module, containing both animals, landed safely in the designated area. Both dogs orbited the Earth for more than 25 hours. The satellite revolved around the planet 17 times. The dogs became an overnight sensation. Photo: Doctors remove dogs Belka and Strelka from nose section of geophysical rocket after landing.
© RIA Novosti / Go to the mediabankOn April 12, 1961, the Soviet spacecraft Vostok-1 lifted off from the Baikonur Space Center. Yury Gagarin, the first man in space, flew aboard that spacecraft.
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On April 12, 1961, the Soviet spacecraft Vostok-1 lifted off from the Baikonur Space Center. Yury Gagarin, the first man in space, flew aboard that spacecraft.
© RIA Novosti / Go to the mediabankSoviet Pilot-Cosmonaut Yury Gagarin became the first man to orbit the Earth.
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Soviet Pilot-Cosmonaut Yury Gagarin became the first man to orbit the Earth.
© Sputnik / Go to the mediabankChief Designer Sergei Korolyov supervised the launch of the first manned spacecraft in history.
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Chief Designer Sergei Korolyov supervised the launch of the first manned spacecraft in history.
© RIA Novosti / Go to the mediabankIn 1963, Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to fly in space.
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In 1963, Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to fly in space.
© Sputnik / Go to the mediabankOn March 18, 1965, Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov became the first man to perform a space walk. He spent 12 minutes and nine seconds in outer space.
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On March 18, 1965, Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov became the first man to perform a space walk. He spent 12 minutes and nine seconds in outer space.
© RIA Novosti . Borisov / Go to the mediabankOn November 17, 1970, the first Soviet-made Lunokhod-1 remote-controlled lunar roving vehicle was delivered to the surface of the Moon. The Lunokhod-1 operated on the lunar surface till October 4, 1971 and transmitted 211 panoramic photos of the Moon’s surface and 25,000 individual images.
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On November 17, 1970, the first Soviet-made Lunokhod-1 remote-controlled lunar roving vehicle was delivered to the surface of the Moon. The Lunokhod-1 operated on the lunar surface till October 4, 1971 and transmitted 211 panoramic photos of the Moon’s surface and 25,000 individual images.
© RIA Novosti . Alexander Mokletsov / Go to the mediabankThe creation of long-duration orbital stations became a new word in space technology. The Salyut-1 orbital station (See photo) was launched in 1971. The Soviet Union eventually launched the Mir orbital station, which was de-orbited on March 23, 2001. Its fragments plunged into the Pacific Ocean.
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The creation of long-duration orbital stations became a new word in space technology. The Salyut-1 orbital station (See photo) was launched in 1971. The Soviet Union eventually launched the Mir orbital station, which was de-orbited on March 23, 2001. Its fragments plunged into the Pacific Ocean.
© RIA Novosti / Go to the mediabankThe Soviet Union and the United States began to implement the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) in 1972. The joint manned mission involved the Soyuz-19 and Apollo-18 spacecraft, which docked with each other in 1975 and flew together for 46 hours and 36 minutes.
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The Soviet Union and the United States began to implement the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) in 1972. The joint manned mission involved the Soyuz-19 and Apollo-18 spacecraft, which docked with each other in 1975 and flew together for 46 hours and 36 minutes.
© RIA Novosti / Go to the mediabankIn 1984, Soviet Cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first woman to perform a space walk.
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In 1984, Soviet Cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first woman to perform a space walk.
© RIA Novosti . Alexander Mokletsov / Go to the mediabankOn November 15, 1988, the Soviet Union launched its first Buran (Snow Storm) reusable space shuttle.
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On November 15, 1988, the Soviet Union launched its first Buran (Snow Storm) reusable space shuttle.
© RIA Novosti . Sergey Piatakov / Go to the mediabankThe Russian Federal Space Agency and NASA drafted the collaborative Mir-Shuttle space program. On November 1, 1993, their representatives signed a detailed work plan for the International Space Station (ISS).
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The Russian Federal Space Agency and NASA drafted the collaborative Mir-Shuttle space program. On November 1, 1993, their representatives signed a detailed work plan for the International Space Station (ISS).
© RIA Novosti . Sergey Kazak / Go to the mediabankOn April 7, 2001, the first modified Proton-M rocket with a digital guidance system and the 14S43 Briz-M booster was launched. This made it possible to place much heavier payloads into geostationary orbits.
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On April 7, 2001, the first modified Proton-M rocket with a digital guidance system and the 14S43 Briz-M booster was launched. This made it possible to place much heavier payloads into geostationary orbits.
© RIA Novosti . Sergey Kazak / Go to the mediabankOn September 18, 2006, Iranian-American Anousheh Ansari became the first female tourist in space. She flew aboard the Soyuz-TMA-9 spacecraft. Ansari is the co-founder and CEO of Prodea Systems, Inc.
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On September 18, 2006, Iranian-American Anousheh Ansari became the first female tourist in space. She flew aboard the Soyuz-TMA-9 spacecraft. Ansari is the co-founder and CEO of Prodea Systems, Inc.
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